This report presents data on school superintendent characteristics, tenure, and salaries. Data come from 1999 surveys of member cities of the Council of the Great City Schools (GCS) and from the 1997 survey and pertinent national superintendent data for comparison. Survey forms were sent to the board of education secretary in each member district.…

In U.S. schools, approximately 30 percent of the enrolled students in 1990-91 were racial-ethnic minorities. Principals must be skilled in incorporating this diversity into supportive climates for learning. Principals who themselves are members of racial-ethnic minority groups may serve as role models for staff and students in schools with high or…

This collection of tables contains information about educational trends in the member cities of the Council of the Great City Schools. The enrollment of the Great City Schools (GCS) increased from 5.8 million students in 1987-1988 to 6.6 million in 1997-1998, an increase of 13.4%. The GCS enrolled 14.3% of U.S. public school students in 1997-1998.…

Papers in this issue of the "CEIC Review" were commissioned for a national invitational conference on urban education. The papers provide an overview of research and practical applications of innovative school reforms being implemented across the United States. The many approaches to school reform explored in these papers range along a…

This publication contains three articles that examine the changing role of the urban superintendent. The first presents highlights of interviews with Dr. Walter Amprey, superintendent of the Baltimore City Public Schools, and Dr. Donald Ingwerson, who served 12 years as the superintendent of the Jefferson County, Kentucky, Public Schools. Each…

This article discusses how many state courts, using the "judicially manageable" tools provided by state academic standards, are meeting the challenges set by "San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez" in 1973. A generation ago this decision was regarded as a major setback to education reform because, faced with…

The ERIC Review is published three times a year and announces research results, publications, and new programs relevant to each issue's theme topic. This issue examines education-community-business partnerships via two principal articles: "Collaboration To Build Competence: The Urban Superintendents' Perspective," by Terry A. Clark; and…

This report specifies the enrollment and distribution of African American students in American public schools for the 1988-89 school year as reported by each state. The data, which show that these students are distributed unevenly among and within the various states, are presented in three tables. Table 1 presents the current enrollment of African…

This report traces the movement for school funding reform in Colorado. The study analyzes how court-mandated remedies were implemented and seeks to determine what role public engagement played in these reforms. Some have suggested that a general skepticism and lack of confidence in reform in Colorado have delayed funding reform, coupled with such…

This special issue is the final issue of "Cityschools," a magazine that reports on research regarding the transformation of urban schools and makes this research more accessible to practitioners in urban classrooms. The research is described through the stories of real educators who are finding solutions to educational problems. The…

This booklet challenges assumptions about the hopelessness of educational reform in urban high schools by presenting the stories of: (1) Theodore Sizer's Coalition of Essential Schools; and (2) Metro High School in Cedar Rapids (Iowa), a school that participates in the Coalition. Following an introduction, the Coalition of Essential Schools…

Carnegie Corporation invited 11 high school and middle school principals representing city schools serving minority or racially mixed disadvantaged communities to participate in a conference on the role of the principal in urban schools. These principals provided evidence that strong leadership can turn the most violent, crime-ridden, racially…

The sample for this 2-year study of student absenteeism consisted of 6 comprehensive high schools, 3 from each of 2 urban school districts with 1,000 to 1,600 students and 60 to 70 full-time teachers. Highlights of the first-year findings summarized in this journal are based on the responses of nearly 8,000 students and 350 teachers. Attendance…

Case studies of five urban high schools illustrate some important factors that appear to be crucial in determining whether or not reform efforts are implemented. Among these factors are the following: (1) teacher participation; (2) collegiality among staff members; (3) shared belief that change can occur; (4) leadership by the principal; (5)…

Articles in this theme issue explore gender issues and their connections with classroom life. Research studies, essays, book reviews, and teacher notes deal with gender and education. The articles are: (1) "United Nations Declaration on Elimination of Discrimination of Women"; (2) "In the Classroom: De-institutionalizing Gender Bias" (Jean Ann…