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Download full textETS Policy Notes, 2003
This issue describes the state of reading and literacy in the United States from kindergarten into adulthood. Data from a number of sources make it possible to draw a picture of literacy at all educational levels. The most striking and troubling observation is the wide differentials between racial and ethnic groups, beginning in kindergarten and…
Descriptors: Adults, Educational Attainment, Elementary School Students, Elementary Secondary Education
ETS Policy Notes, 1989
This issue of "ETS Policy Notes" discusses gender differences in educational achievement. The first article--"The Gender Gap in Education: How Early and How Large?"--discusses the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), which first measures achievement at age 9 years. Gender differences at that age are generally…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Adolescents, Elementary Secondary Education, Females
