In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world's top research universities. But there are signs that America's position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. "American Universities in a Global Market" addresses the variety of issues crucial to understanding this preeminence and this challenge. The book examines the various factors that contributed to America's success in higher education, including openness to people and ideas, generous governmental support, and a tradition of decentralized friendly competition. It also explores the advantages of holding a dominant position in this marketplace and examines the current state of American higher education in a comparative context, placing particular emphasis on how market forces affect universities. By discussing the differences in quality among students and institutions around the world, this volume sheds light on the singular aspects of American higher education. This book is divided into four parts. Part I, Storm Clouds for American Higher Education?, contains the following: (1) Is the United States Losing Its Preeminence in Higher Education? (James D. Adams); and (2) To Be or Not to Be: Major Choices in Budding Scientists (Eric Bettinger). Part II, Universities as Firms in a Global Market, contains the following: (3) Coming to America: Where Do International Doctorate Students Study and How Do US Universities Respond? (John Bound and Sarah Turner); (4) The Economics of University Science and the Role of Foreign Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars (Grant C. Black and Paula E. Stephan); and (5) Universities as Firms: The Case of US Overseas Programs (E. Han Kim and Min Zhu). Part III, Emulation and Competition Abroad, contains the following: (6) The Structure of European Higher Education in the Wake of the Bologna Reforms (Ofer Malamud); (7) The Americanization of European Higher Education and Research (Lex Borghans and Frank Corvers); (8) Higher Education in China: Complement or Competition to US Universities? (Haizheng Li); (9) Indian Higher Education (Devesh Kapur); and (10) From Brain Drain to Brain Competition: Changing Opportunities and the Career Patterns of US- Trained Korean Academics (Sunwoong Kim). Part IV, Looking Ahead, contains the following: (11) What Does Global Expansion of Higher Education Mean for the United States? (Richard B. Freeman). (Contains 85 tables and 72 line drawings.)