This book presents empirical evaluations of the effects of different types of training programs in East Germany. Chapter 1 presents an overview of labor, the study objectives and results, and discussion of causality and the identification problem in evaluation studies. Chapter 2 examines point estimates of the effects of two types of continuous vocational training--public sector-sponsored training and enterprise-related training--and concludes that, although publicly sponsored training is not associated with any short-term positive effects in the form of increased earnings or reduced unemployment, enterprise-sponsored training has some fairly immediate positive earnings effects but no effect on reducing individual unemployment. Appended to chapter 2 are the following: data, econometrics, specification tests for the partial propensity score, and additional evaluation results. Chapter 3 explores the possibility of obtaining nonparametric bounds for training effects without knowledge of the participation process and concludes that it not possible. Appended to chapter 3 are the following: econometrics, results for on-the-job versus off-the-job training, and additional results for on-the-job training versus no training (for women only). Technical problems that should be addressed in future research are considered in chapter 4. The book contains 110 references and 102 tables/figures. (MN)