This book contains a detailed description of the challenges faced by educational finance and budgeting in Cambodia. Until recently, educational financing took the form of emergency budgets and was limited to government planning for teacher salaries and costs of examinations. There has been a general lack of coordination between provinces and the…

In most countries, it is the state that has been taking over the support of universities and of teaching hospitals, a trend that has accelerated rapidly over the past 25 years to meet the expanding needs of higher education and of health care. In medicine the problem of university autonomy is further complicated by the long-standing custom that…

This book provides an indepth description and analysis of financial management and budgetary procedures for education in Mongolia. Chapter titles describe the content of the book: (1) "General Information"; (2) "Description of the Education System"; (3) "Macroeconomic Review"; (4) "Educational Financing and…

Vietnam started market reforms earlier than other countries in Southeast Asia and is used as a role model by the Asian Development Bank. Nevertheless, complicated bureaucracy and regional differences hinder improvements in financial management in education. The budgeting process, in particular, is cumbersome. This book presents a report of a…

This book provides an indepth description and analysis of financial management and budgetary procedures for education in Kazakhstan, one of the centrally planned economies of the former Soviet Union. The case of Kazakhstan is characterized by its radical and bold policies to improve educational financing and budgeting during the 1990s. Chapter 1,…