This book reports on a study of how four Michigan elementary school teachers managed a range of reforms such as new tests, textbooks, and curriculum frameworks in three different school subjects (reading, writing, and mathematics). Two significant findings emerged from the comparison of their responses: (1) teachers' responses vary across…

Accountability as a concept refers to little more than "common sense" management wherein outcomes of various programs and practices are measured, and this information is used as feedback for making appropriate changes and recording progress. The core of the Kalamazoo accountability model is the development of a management information…