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Blume, Grant H.; Long, Mark C. – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2014
Affirmative action in college admissions was effectively banned in Texas by the Hopwood ruling in 1997, by voter referenda in California and Washington in 1996 and 1998, and by administrative decisions in Florida in 1999. The "Hopwood" and "Johnson" rulings also had possible applicability to public colleges throughout Alabama,…
Descriptors: Affirmative Action, College Administration, State Legislation, Court Litigation
Garces, Liliana M. – Civil Rights Project / Proyecto Derechos Civiles, 2012
This study examines whether bans on affirmative action across four states-- Texas (during "Hopwood v. State of Texas"), California (with Proposition 209), Washington (with Initiative 200), and Florida (with One Florida Initiative)--have reduced the enrollment rates of underrepresented students of color in graduate studies and in a…
Descriptors: Affirmative Action, Graduate Students, Enrollment, Minority Group Students
American Council on Education, Washington, DC. – 1999
This report discusses how to safeguard affirmative action on college campuses. Section 1, "Threats to Affirmative Action," discusses Congressional action; state actions; and anti-affirmative action studies and reports. Section 2, "Affirmative Action Works," includes research findings; leaders' beliefs about affirmative action…
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Affirmative Action, College Admission, Diversity (Student)