Compares American and German educational system structures, emphasizing organizational and curricular features of school- and work-based preparation for the labor market. The countries have fundamentally different school to work transition models which significantly affect their students. The article makes recommendations for improving both…

To examine 2 shortcomings of previous cross-sectional farm recruitment research, the study population of the National Longitudinal Survey of the High School Class of 1972, consisting of 14,112 individuals who completed the base year questionnaire and 3 subsequent follow-up questionnaires, was divided into analytic sub-groups based on senior year…

The way in which changes in overall university funding can affect systems for paying staff, and in turn affect faculty career patterns and mobility, is examined. Data on pay, responsibilities, and qualifications of different faculty ranks in 8 countries (Sweden, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, United States) are compared. (MSE)

Career planning is the most critical ingredient in developing a nation's primary resource, its workers. A 1988 Gallup Poll showed that 62 percent of U.S. workers had no career goal when they began their first job, and more than 50 percent felt they were in the wrong job. The same results probably could be applied to Canada. Career planning skills…

Labor force participation and occupational structure and their changing trends in our society are addressed in this paper. The problems of not being able to find employment are also important, and unemployment is also examamined. Findings indicate that there are declining proportions of males in the labor force with greater decline among black…

Focusing specifically on teaching as a career goal among rural youth in Norway, Germany, and the United States, this cross-national comparative study took into account the general patterning of career ambitions in each society--upward mobility opportunities, status attainment strategies, and organizational character of the educational systems…

The Career Beliefs Inventory (CBI) is a counseling tool with the purpose of identifying beliefs as they relate to occupational choice and the pursuit of a career. The inventory can be administered individually or to a group ranging in age from grade 8 to adult. The CBI is a 96-item paper-and-pencil test written at an eighth-grade reading level.…

For a cross-cultural comparison of curriculum and career decisions made by high school students in vocational programs in Taiwan and the United States, a random sample of high school students enrolled in vocational education in Taiwan and in 10 selected states in the United States were mailed a self-administered questionnaire. Responses were…

Based upon the unpublished data of a study focusing upon the status projections of low-income youth from seven southern states (rural white Appalachians, rural blacks, inner-city urban blacks, and poor urban whites from one state), this paper synthesizes a longitudinal analysis of status projections. Baseline data (1969) derived from 1,500 fifth…

A study was conducted to collect statistical data (age, sex, race, years of school completed, occupation, field of training, and family income levels) on U.S. students who were participating in postsecondary vocational programs in October 1976 or who had participated in such programs during the previous year. Vocational, business, technical, or…

Limited information is available regarding the factors that promote persistence by women in engineering programs. Stated simply, the problem is that the number of women engineers continues to fall short in comparison to the gender ratio of women to men in the population in the U.S. (BEST, 2002) and worldwide (Hersh, 2000). More women engineers are…

The paper explores the effects of industrialization on objectives and content of education for women. Three groups of women serve as examples--Jewish women who immigrated from unindustrialized areas of Europe to the growing industrial economy of early 20th century United States; Ghanaian women who function in a dual economy historically and…

The present paper reports a series of six studies, each investigating the power of self-rated analytical, creative, and practical abilities for predicting one of six individual-difference variables: cognitive development, modes of thinking, career interests, learning approaches, thinking styles, and personality traits. Contributing to the…

A guide to most of the U.S. and Canadian colleges that have special programs for deaf students is presented. In addition to helping students to select a postsecondary program, attention is directed to special services available and the career areas pursued by deaf students now enrolled. Information is provided for more than 130 colleges and…

According to the 22nd annual survey of entering freshmen in the United States, freshman interest in teaching careers has increased by more than two-thirds since 1982. However, this level of interest still falls short of the projected demand. The 1987 data also suggest potential problems with future supplies of certain technology and health care…