"To Obey or Disobey" should be a life question for all free people, but for the Israelis, who are in intractable war with their neighbors while facing constant rifts among themselves, it is a concrete problem they have to face every day. Therefore, the research question posed by this article is: How is obedience of laws or military orders presented in Israeli and US Civics textbooks, and why? It examines the discussions of the issue referring to examples such as: Kfar Kassem in Israel (1956) when 43 Palestinian civilians were shot by a military Israelis obeying orders; the convicted soldiers were released after a short while. Other sensitive examples are: the atrocities committed during Vietnam War, and the US and the Israeli military "refuseniks." Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King are mentioned in the textbooks as positive examples for nonviolent protest. While this article is primarily concerned with the Israeli Civics textbooks, it compares them to a random selection of US textbooks in order to obtain a proper perspective of the Israeli texts. A total of 25 Civics textbooks are analyzed: 12 from Israel and 13 from the USA, from the period 1980-2012. Many textbooks that ignored the issue of civil/military nonviolent disobedience were reviewed, but only these chosen 25 include the dilemma under examination. (Contains 22 notes.)