ERIC Number: EJ763997
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2007-Apr
Pages: 21
Abstractor: Author
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0363-4523
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Available Date: N/A
Teacher Immediacy Scales: Testing for Validity across Cultures
Zhang, Qin; Oetzel, John G.; Gao, Xiaofang; Wilcox, Richard G.; Takai, Jiro
Communication Education, v56 n2 p228-248 Apr 2007
Cross-cultural validity of teacher immediacy scales is a constant concern in instructional communication research. The present study examines the validity of two existing teacher immediacy scales: the Revised Nonverbal Immediacy Measure (RNIM) and the Chinese Teacher Immediacy Scale (CTIS) in U.S., Chinese, German, and Japanese cultures. Results of confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation provide evidence for the validity of both the RNIM and the CTIS. Overall, both scales are found to have adequate factorial, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity pan-culturally and within culture, despite some slight variations across cultures. Implications and future directions are also addressed. (Contains 5 tables.)
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Validity, Factor Analysis, Communication Research, Factor Structure, Cross Cultural Studies, Rating Scales, Teacher Student Relationship, Research Methodology, Cultural Relevance, Classroom Environment, Teacher Behavior, Classroom Communication
Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Fax: 215-625-2940; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/default.html
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: China; Germany; Japan; United States
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: N/A