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Mouw, Ted; Kalleberg, Arne L. – Social Forces, 2010
To what extent did the increase in wage inequality among men in the United States over the past three decades result from job loss and/or employment instability? We propose a simple method for decomposing the change in wage inequality into components due to upward and downward between-employer mobility and within-employer wage changes using data…
Descriptors: Salary Wage Differentials, Males, Occupational Mobility, Change
DeBaun, Bill; Roc, Martens – Alliance for Excellent Education, 2013
The nation could save as much as $18.5 billion in annual crime costs if the high school male graduation rate increased by only 5 percentage points, a new report from the Alliance for Excellent Education finds. This report examines and builds upon research that links lower levels of educational attainment with higher rates of arrests and…
Descriptors: Role of Education, Crime Prevention, Salary Wage Differentials, Graduation Rate
Klawitter, Marieka – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2011
This study uses the 2000 U.S. Census data to assess the impact of antidiscrimination policies for sexual orientation on earnings for gays and lesbians. Using a multilevel model allows estimation of the effects of state and local policies on earnings and of variation in the effects of sexual orientation across local labor markets. The results…
Descriptors: Sexual Orientation, Homosexuality, Social Change, Economic Opportunities
Greenman, Emily; Xie, Yu – Social Forces, 2008
There are sizeable earnings differentials by gender and race in the U.S. labor market, with women earning less than men and most racial/ethnic minority groups earning less than whites. It has been proposed in the previous literature that the effects of gender and race on earnings are additive, so that minority women suffer the full disadvantage of…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Racial Differences, Racial Factors, Wages
Carnevale, Anthony P.; Smith, Nicole; Gulish, Artem; Beach, Bennett H. – Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, 2012
This report, provides detailed analyses and projections of occupations in healthcare fields, and wages earned. In addition, the important skills and work values associated with workers in those fields of healthcare are discussed. Finally, the authors analyze the implications of research findings for the racial, ethnic, and class diversity of the…
Descriptors: Wages, Employment Level, Nurses, Prediction
Blau, David M.; Goodstein, Ryan M. – Journal of Human Resources, 2010
After a long decline, the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of older men in the United States leveled off in the 1980s, and began to increase in the late 1990s. We examine how changes in Social Security rules affected these trends. We attribute only a small portion of the decline from the 1960s-80s to the increasing generosity of Social…
Descriptors: Labor Force Nonparticipants, Retirement, Educational Attainment, Employment Patterns
Kiker, B. F.; Crouch, Henry L.
The primary objective of this paper is to describe a method of estimating female-male wage ratios. The estimating technique presented is two stage least squares (2SLS), in which equations are estimated for both men and women. After specifying and estimating the wage equations, the male-female wage differential is calculated that would remain if…
Descriptors: Females, Males, Mathematical Formulas, Mathematical Models
Kaushal, Neeraj; Kaestner, Robert; Reimers, Cordelia – Journal of Human Resources, 2007
We investigated whether the September 11, 2001 terrorists' attacks had any effect on employment, earnings, and residential mobility of first- and second-generation Arab and Muslim men in the United States. We find that September 11th did not significantly affect employment and hours of work of Arab and Muslim men, but was associated with a 9-11…
Descriptors: Working Hours, Muslims, Males, Labor Market
Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC. – 1976
Differences between the earnings of men and women suggest that women are being paid less for doing the same job. Factors that attribute to the wage differences are (1) women are concentrated in those occupations which are less skilled and in which wages are relatively low, (2) women working on full-time schedules tend to work less overtime than…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Educational Background, Females, Income

Hamermesh, Daniel S. – Journal of Human Resources, 2001
Satisfaction among male workers in upper earnings brackets increased from 1978-1996; similar results were found in Germany for 1984-1996. Little relationship between job satisfaction and persistent earnings inequality was found. Recent shocks to earnings mattered more to current and recent changes in satisfaction than did distant shocks.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Job Satisfaction, Males, Salary Wage Differentials
Bacolod, Marigee; Hotz, V. Joseph – Economics of Education Review, 2006
This study examines the changes in the school-to-work transition of young adults in the United States over the latter part of the twentieth century. Their transition is portrayed using data from National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women, Young Men, and Youth 1979. In general, we find that indicators of educational attainment, working while in…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Education Work Relationship, Educational Attainment, Females

Jones, Ethel B.; Kniesner, Thomas J. – Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 1980
Updates a 1976 article explaining the stability of hours of work per week in the U.S. since World War II. It introduces a revised series of the ratio of female to male wages over time. In a reply to this article, Kniesner presents estimates which support his 1976 conclusions. (CT)
Descriptors: Employed Women, Employment Patterns, Employment Statistics, Females

Rubb, Stephen – Education Economics, 2003
Using 1990 US census data, examines the relationship between overeducation and earnings focusing on individuals with postcollege schooling. Finds that being overeducated increases the wages of men working at a job requiring a bachelor's degree. Compares results with findings in Canada and the United Kingdom. Suggests that overeducation contributes…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Employment Qualifications, Females, Graduate Study

Sandy, Robert; Elliott, Robert R. – Journal of Human Resources, 2005
Long-term illness (LTI) is a more prevalent workplace risk than fatal accidents but there is virtually no evidence for compensating differentials for a broad measure of LTI. In 1990 almost 3.4 percent of the U.K. adult population suffered from a LTI caused solely by their working conditions. This paper provides the first estimates of compensating…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Public Policy, Occupational Safety and Health, Chronic Illness

Kniesner, Thomas J. – Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 1976
The average workweek of full-time workers declined by 35 percent between 1900 and 1940, but has not changed significnatly since then, and the secular rigidity of the full-time workweek remains. An expanded model which incorporates the effects of growth in education and in the female wage explains the post-1940 secular trend. (Editor/HD)
Descriptors: Economic Research, Employed Women, History, Labor Force
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