After a long decline, the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of older men in the United States leveled off in the 1980s, and began to increase in the late 1990s. We examine how changes in Social Security rules affected these trends. We attribute only a small portion of the decline from the 1960s-80s to the increasing generosity of Social…

Selected facts and research related to employment of women. (ABM)

Describes the growth of the female civilian labor force in the Nation from 1950 to 1975 and analyzes the upward shift in the civilian labor force participation rate from a flow perspective to determine the role of various factors that have produced the rise in the civilian labor force participation rate of women. (SH)

Updates a 1976 article explaining the stability of hours of work per week in the U.S. since World War II. It introduces a revised series of the ratio of female to male wages over time. In a reply to this article, Kniesner presents estimates which support his 1976 conclusions. (CT)

A description of the Nation's labor force participants in 1977 is summarized, highlighting the increase reflected by both the population growth and the continuing rise in women's labor force participation. Also, data are reported on the extent of employment and unemployment by family relationship. (BM)

Data collected from 1967 to 1972 during the National Longitudinal Surveys was used to examine the labor force behavior of the mature women's cohort (women who were thirty to forty-four years old in 1967) as well as their attitudes toward work and home. The findings include the following: while white women increased their labor force participation…

Data collected during the National Longitudinal Surveys were used to examine the labor force behavior of black and white women from fourteen to twenty-four and thirty to forty-four years of age. Focus is on racial convergence in labor force participation rates (the percentage of the population group either working or looking for work) over this…

A special labor force report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates the work force will grow more slowly from 1975 to 1990 than in recent years, largely because there will be a smaller number of youths reaching working age. (Editor)

This report presents a brief overview of the changing labor market conditions for women and the steps taken to keep the Bureau of Labor Statistics data relevant to the social and economic setting in which these changes took place. Data tables and discussion are included on the following topics: working women in the 1970s; women workers and their…

An overview is presented of the many developments affecting occupational choices and training needs in the 1980's. The study seeks to develop an understanding of the growth rate through 1985 of 123 selected occupations in nonprofessional fields, examines important characteristics of these occupations such as earnings level, educational attainment,…

A major development in the American workforce has been the increased labor force participation of women. In 1970, only about 43 percent of women age 16 and older were in the labor force; by 1999, that figure had risen to 60 percent. From 1999 to 2004, women's labor force participation rate receded slightly to 59.2 percent, still well above the…

Past and current trends in the growth of families with two workers or more are examined in this article. It discusses such subjects as influence of trends in fertility on the growth of these families, the relation between husbands' and wives' occupations, and some of the impact of the recession and inflation on these families. Tables and…

The feasibility of policies encouraging more part-time employment as a cure for unemployment in Germany was examined through a comparison of the employment policies and labor markets of selected Organization for Economic Development (OECD) countries and the United States. OECD labor force statistics for the years 1972-1992 were analyzed to…

Using data from the 1980 census and earlier censuses this booklet briefly profiles women in the American population and the changes in their educational levels, workforce participation, income levels, marital status, and roles as mothers. Graphs are used throughout to highlight these changes. Census figures indicate that women are now the majority…

A natural study was conducted to determine the effects of division of labor (level of socio-economic development), dependency, and mode of production on participation of women in the labor force. Participation of women in the labor force was operationalized by two indicators: (1) women as percentage of the total number of wage earners and salaried…