Aggressive behaviors were incident sampled in 5 nursery schools, 5 play groups, and 5 day nurseries in England, and the results compared to those of American studies. Boys had a greater probability of being involved in aggressive incidents than girls. There was no consistent evidence that adults intervened differentially in boy-boy, boy-girl, and…

Adolescents in England and Ireland completed a problem check list; results showed that problem experience varied systematically with age, sex, and culture. (Author/RH)

Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was completed by 1,076 Iranian early adolescents, and their scores were compared to scores obtained previously for English children. Iranian boys scored higher than girls on the psychoticism and lower on the neuroticism and social desirability scales. Iranian children scored higher than English children on…

A near-replication of Eppels' sentence completion test study of teenagers' moral attitudes in the early 1960s was conducted in 1976-77 in urban and suburban areas of England, Scotland, and Australia. Comparisons are drawn across time and, for the newer data, between societies and between the sexes. (SJL)

Children, aged 9, 12, and 15, evaluated successes and failures of other children using information supplied about ability, effort, outcome, and sex. Several sex differences were found, particularly in the extent to which evaluations related to effort and outcome information. Findings are compared to those of American and Iranian studies.…

The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Sensation-Seeking Scale were administered to 219 American undergraduates and 879 English twins. Sensation-seeking was positively correlated to EPQ-measured traits of extraversion and psychoticism. There was no relationship between sensation-seeking and the trait dimension of neuroticism.…

The purposes of the present investigation are to compare the structure and level of multidimensional self-concepts for boys and girls from England and Australia, and to demonstrate the use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in making such comparisons. Subjects were random samples of 303 English preadolescents and 303 Australians that were…

Presents an overview of the geometry findings of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and ways to use problems from the study to assess students' understanding of geometry. (ASK)

British and Zambian children were compared on their abilities to reproduce patterns, from tactile and visual presentations, by modeling, drawing, and gesturing. Age, sex, and intelligence variables were analyzed. Results suggested that cross-cultural differences in these tasks reflect differences in specific perceptual skills rather than broad…

Recall, knowledge, and preference for masculine and feminine items were tested in 40 American, 5- and 8-year-old white boys and girls from working and professional middle class families. Children recalled, knew, and preferred same-sex items significantly more than opposite-sex items. Girls' scores were less rigidly sex-typed than boys'. Older…

Interviews regarding physical and sexual development were conducted with 838 children ages five through 15 in Australia, England, North America, and Sweden. Children identified the people whom they asked sex-related questions and indicated their major sources of information. Mothers, school, and the media were the most frequently cited sources.…

Examined young British and Indian children's ability to distinguish between real and apparent emotion in response to stories involving child-adult and child-child interactions. Found that the younger Indian girls performed better than the younger British girls. Other age, gender, and cultural effects suggest a more social model of the…

Learning mode preferences of secondary school students were compared for 1,259 students from Sydney (Australia), 837 students from Perth (Australia), 2,125 students from England, and 570 students from Minneapolis (Minnesota). Students were in grades 7 through 12. Preferences for cooperative, competitive, and individualized learning modes were…

Reports on a study of the effects of culture, gender, and age on interpersonal distance, body orientation, and touch among 381 same-sex and mixed-sex dyads in 7 nations. Finds that more touch was observed among Italian and Greek dyads than among English, French, and Dutch dyads. (CFR)

A questionnaire on attitudes toward war play was given to 316 Italian and 84 English parents of children aged 2 to 6 years. In both cultures, boys were significantly more likely than girls to engage in solitary and social war play. Parental attitudes, television, and peers were the major sources of influence on war play. (Author/LB)