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Racism as Policy: A Critical Race Analysis of Education Reforms in the United States and England
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Gillborn, David – Educational Forum, 2014
Critical race theory (CRT) views education as one of the principal means by which white supremacy is maintained and presented as normal in society. The article applies CRT to two real-world case studies: changes to education statutes in the state of Arizona (USA) and the introduction of a new measure of educational success in England, the English…
Descriptors: Racial Bias, Race, Educational Change, Foreign Countries
Equity, Ethnicity and the Hidden Dangers of "Contextual" Measures of School Performance
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Bradbury, Alice – Race, Ethnicity and Education, 2011
"Contextual value added" (CVA) scores have been used as a means of monitoring school performance in England since 2007. This article explains how these scores are calculated using biographical pupil data (including ethnicity, gender and Free School Meal status) in order to judge the impact of a school on pupils' attainment. This article…
Descriptors: Ethnicity, Academic Achievement, Foreign Countries, Public Policy
Attainment Gaps between the Most Deprived and Advantaged Schools: A Summary and Discussion of Research by the Education Research Group at the London School of Economics
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Sutton Trust, 2009
One of the defining characteristics of countries, such as the United Kingdom, with low social mobility are stark, persistent gaps in the school results between children from deprived backgrounds and their more advantaged counterparts. Far from acting as the great social leveler, education systems can perpetuate inequalities, and enable the…
Descriptors: Educational Attainment, Achievement Gap, Foreign Countries, Disadvantaged Schools