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Wright, Clare – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2013
This article addresses the question of how far working memory may affect second language (L2) learners' improvement in spoken language during a period of immersion. Research is presented testing the hypothesis that individual differences in working memory (WM) capacity are associated with individual variation in improvements in oral production of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Short Term Memory, Second Language Learning, Oral Language
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Pladevall Ballester, Elisabet – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2010
The apparent optionality in the use of null and overt pronominal subjects and the apparently free word order or distribution of preverbal and postverbal subjects in Spanish obey a number of discourse-pragmatic constraints which play an important role in Spanish L2 subject development. Although research on subject properties at the syntax-discourse…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Form Classes (Languages), Word Order, Spanish