Publication Date
In 2025 | 0 |
Since 2024 | 0 |
Since 2021 (last 5 years) | 1 |
Since 2016 (last 10 years) | 1 |
Since 2006 (last 20 years) | 1 |
Descriptor
Abstract Reasoning | 1 |
Decoding (Reading) | 1 |
Elementary School Students | 1 |
Foreign Countries | 1 |
Grammar | 1 |
Phonology | 1 |
Reading Achievement | 1 |
Reading Difficulties | 1 |
Reading Tests | 1 |
Short Term Memory | 1 |
Underachievement | 1 |
More ▼ |
Source
Educational Psychology | 1 |
Publication Type
Journal Articles | 1 |
Reports - Research | 1 |
Education Level
Elementary Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
United Kingdom | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Badger, Julia R.; Howarth, Benjamin C.; Svirko, Elena; Mellanby, Jane – Educational Psychology, 2022
Around 6% of U.K. children are underachieving at school relative to their potential (URP). We explored whether difficulties with phonological decoding, short-term memory (STM), and complex grammar may be responsible. We compared school-based reading test data or formal SATs, and verbal reasoning in 2462 children (150 URP and 2312 non-URP children)…
Descriptors: Underachievement, Reading Achievement, Reading Tests, Abstract Reasoning