Based on oral and written testimony of pupils and teachers, this essay examines the lived educational experience of the school-age cohort of children in Stalin's Russia from 1931 to 1945. The state alone determined the structure and curricula of the nation's schools. However, Soviet youngsters, their parents, and teachers responded to the center's…

This paper studies transformations in the role of higher education in Russia as represented in official Soviet and post-Soviet policy documents between the 1950s and 2013. The focus is on the categories defining the purposes and tasks of higher education in the larger context of society and economy. There is a basic dichotomy in relation to the…

Films of the "perestroika" period (1986-1991) related to school/university theme showed that: - the educational / upbringing process has lost the previous strict storylines and in many respects has lost its communist landmarks;--both school and university have acute problem areas (crisis, disappointment and fatigue, professional…

Author is with the Novosti Press Agency, Moscow. (MB)

Proposes a revisionist account of the immediate conditions and consequences of the 1919 Soviet cinema nationalization decree. Argues that nationalization was the least successful of a set of stop-gap measures; that it dispersed and diluted control; and that it actually retarded the growth of the film industry. (KEH)

Examines some of the important assumptions and disputes about publishing as an industry: demand and pricing; profit and subsidy; quality, effectiveness and "optimality"; and the power of the reader. (Author)

Describes vocational education in the Soviet Union. Goals are accomplished by such methods as a standard national curriculum, including sophisticated polytechnical programs, by a system of school-supported youth programs that promote patriotism and group loyalty, and by a media campaign emphasizing the importance of the worker. (Author/JOW)

This report on sports and physical education in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is based on visits made to that country, as well as personal interviews. Sports and physical education held a minor place in Russian society prior to 1917, but with the onset of communism, the fundamental credo became that sports and physical education…

Describes the State-financed system of training and refresher courses for scientific and technical information in the U.S.S.R. Details are given concerning the various levels of training, the institutions where it is carried out, and the curricula and syllabuses. (Author)

The author analyzes three basic periods in the development of the level of education of the population of Russia over the span of a hundred years. The first period runs from 1897, when a nationwide census was carried out for the first time, to 1917. The second period, the Soviet era, runs from 1917 to the late 1980s. The third period started with…

Author described a show of dissident art held in Moscow on September 29, 1974, and contrasted the government's efforts to control artistic freedom with the determination of Russian artists to resist such imposition. (RK)

Examines the Soviet Government's handling of two samizdat (self-publication) publications, and suggests that dissent in Russia is handled selectively and that the Soviet authorities are not interested in eliminating all dissent, only the dissent that they find challenging to their rule. (JMF)

Soviet education's purpose is to improve its population's skills and technical ability in order to strengthen the country's economic and military power. Soviet teachers enjoy higher status than their U.S. counterparts, but are paid less than the average skilled worker. Despite "glasnost," educational "perestroika"…

This study gives a brief history of the United States' 1980 boycott of the Summer Olympic Games in Moscow, but focuses mainly on the government publications that grew out of that event. Section 1 provides a short history of the boycott, while section 2 centers on President Jimmy Carter and his role in the boycott, citing information gathered from…