Reviews educational development in Russia during the period of Socialist construction, 1918-1939. Development included establishment of universal elementary education, Soviet schools in various nationality districts, research on teaching methods, social education work in youth organizations, revision of pedagogical theories, and reform of labor…

Describes different systems of art education for different student populations, professional art training, historical changes in art education, art education research, aesthetic education, and art education as it is currently practiced in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (RK)

Evaluates contributions to Russian pedagogical thought of a pioneering essay on the history of childhood and the family in Russia ("Dva Vospitaniia" by Kliuchevskii, written in 1893). Characterizes the Betskoi schools which were based upon the philosophy described by Kliuchevskii as humanistic, but beset by pedagogical problems and…

Describes implementation of the new Soviet general elementary and secondary curriculum from 1964-74. Emphasized at all levels and in all subject areas are life and works of Lenin, Lenin's theoretical legacy, and documents of the Communist Party of the Soviety Union. Specific changes in humanities, languages, social studies, math, and science are…

Observes the general use of history instruction in political socialization and presents a case study of the state-directed history program in the primary and secondary schools of the Soviet Union. Concludes that history in the Soviet Union is a partisan and dogmatic discipline, which is utilized by the government to enhance its authority and to…

Provides a brief history of the development of Soviet curriculum theory and considers the contemporary development of the secondary school curriculum in relation to the needs of individuals in a developed socialist society. Includes an extensive bibliography of recent Soviet educational literature. (TRS)

Includes 11 articles about education in the Soviet Baltic Republics. The articles include historical studies of Estonian and Latvian schools and medieval Estonian folk games. The impact of Marxist educational theories and Soviet policies on educational research, teacher education, and teaching methods in the Baltic region from 1920-50 is…

The bibliography provides 128 titles of printed materials related to educational development in the USSR, and the publishers' names (many in Russian). The cultural revolution, eradication of illiteracy, adults' general education, contemporary evening schools, textbooks, and statistical reference books, as well as bibliographies and adult education…

Reform of the Soviet Union's educational system was begun again in the 1980s under Mikhail Gorbachev with the goal of educating the Soviet citizen to function effectively in a newly restructured economy. This paper takes stock of the efforts to reform Soviet schools undertaken between 1984 and 1990. Soviet educators recognized that reconstruction…

Relationship between the establishment and development of USSR's Academy of Sciences to the historic changes occurring for the past 250 years. (ND)

Discusses school reform in the Soviet Union during the last ten years. Need for reforming the syllabuses, which were identical in all schools, arose when an educational policy of universal secondary education was adopted. The shift from secondary education for college-bound students only to general education for all is discussed. (BC)

Reviews early development of the Socialist school in Russia from 1914-1918. The young Socialist state strove to combat mass illiteracy, promote teaching and textbook publication in the mother tongue, and modify old syllabi and curricula. The state also engaged in converting the intelligentsia and teachers to the side of Soviet power. (Author/AV)

Characterizes Soviet pedagogy during the period 1939-75, when Socialist construction was completed and Communism became influential. Reviews educational growth before World War II; curriculum, teaching methods, and access to education during the war; and efforts following the war to make secondary education universal and in line with modern…

Twenty percent of all Soviet citizens have completed secondary and higher education through evening schools; among older people, the percentage is even higher. A detailed history is given of the development of varied and flexible forms of adult education in the Soviet Union, including policies, statistics, instructional methods, and sample…

Six tables provide statistics on educational development in the U.S.S.R.: (1) literacy rates; (2) numbers of recipients of higher and secondary education; (3) various social groups' educational levels; (4) educational levels by Republic; (5) enrollment in various types of educational establishments; and (6) evening shift general educative schools…