Universities in the USSR fulfill the role of leading educational, scientific, and cultural centers. Their main function is training researchers and teachers and conducting scientific research. They also offer courses enabling adults to enrich their knowledge of various fields of culture. (SK)

Presents highlights of a December 1985 report on Soviet scientific capabilities. One finding is that a new emphasis on computing advances and instrumentation may weaken basic research in this country. (JN)

The investigation and use of machine translation as an adjunct to human translation at the Soviet Union's All-Union Translation Center, a centralized scientific and technical translation facility, is examined. The issues of error correction, the variety of translation types needed, and special lexical considerations are discussed. (MSE)

The evolution, purposes, and administration of teaching-research-industry complexes in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, established to improve the coordination of specialist training and industry productivity and technology, are described, and industry progress made in recent years as a result of these programs is outlined. (MSE)

Current focuses of scientific and technical research in socialist countries' universities and institutes include increasing creativity, developing student skills for independent problem-solving, computer applications, increasing research efficiency, and integration of research and production. (MSE)

The principal changes being undertaken in Soviet higher education as part of the general restructuring of Soviet society are outlined, including improving the training of higher education specialists, enhancing the role of research, improving staff utilization, increasing salaries of higher education personnel, and enhancing student living…