Presents two drafts of the Russian government's "Conception of Preschool Upbringing." Suggests in the first draft that goals for renovating the Russian kindergarten include enhancing child health, educational goals, and living conditions. Explores in the second draft the roles of individual development, interaction, learning, labor, and…

Discusses the state of the Soviet economy during the period of perestroika. Includes the level of output, rate of inflation, privatization, and proposals for economic reform. Assesses the stabilization program and possibilities of restructuring. Concludes that neither Mikhail Gorbachev nor perestroika are likely to survive the trials of inflation,…

The Republic of Moldova proclaimed its independence in 1991. Like other republics of the former USSR, during the last decade of the Twentieth Century, Moldova initiated social and economic reforms aimed at the country's transition to a market economy. A series of relevant social changes were achieved in Moldova but, contrary to initial estimates,…

Explains that the lack of preparation of teachers for work in rural areas, the excessive workload, and the poor working and living conditions have greatly impeded efforts of the Soviet Union to recruit and retain quality teachers in rural areas. (HOD)