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Deniz, Kaan Zulfikar; Ilican, Emel – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2021
This study aims to compare the G and Phi coefficients as estimated by D studies for a measurement tool with the G and Phi coefficients obtained from real cases in which items of differing difficulty levels were added and also to determine the conditions under which the D studies estimated reliability coefficients closer to reality. The study group…
Descriptors: Generalizability Theory, Test Items, Difficulty Level, Test Reliability
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Ahmet Tanir – African Educational Research Journal, 2023
The present study investigates the effects of online collaborative writing instruction combined with metacognitive guidance on students' writing performance in German as a foreign language and their metacognitive awareness. For this purpose, a total of 90 students are randomly and equally divided into three groups: group with online collaborative…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Writing Instruction, Collaborative Writing, Teaching Methods