The study aimed to develop a teaching module based on conversation analysis in order to promote aviation students' interactional and intercultural competence. Firstly, the needs analysis was conducted to investigate the communication problems and English skills in terms of interactional and intercultural competence needed in the aviation industry in Thailand among aviation personnel working at Suvarnabhumi Bangkok International Airport by using questionnaires and interviews. The teaching module was then developed by employing the needs analysis results in conjunction with the principle of conversation analysis (Sacks et al., 1974): turn-taking, adjacency pairs, sequences and repairs and intercultural competence (Barrett et al., 2013). The implementation of the teaching module was later conducted in the course called English for Aviation Communication with undergraduate students for the period of 10 weeks through the cycles of interactional learning practice (Wong & Waring, 2010) and the cycles of intercultural learning practice (Liddicoat & Scarino, 2013). The findings of the t-test demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean of the pre-scores and the post-scores which implied that the teaching module developed based on the principles of conversation analysis could promote aviation students' interactional and intercultural competence. Moreover, the teacher's reflective notes, the students' opinions from the questionnaire and interviews towards the implementation of the teaching module were positive showing the teaching module helped enhance students' English skills in terms of their interactional and intercultural competence. The learning and communication practices presented in this study can be applied as tools for helping learners communicate effectively and successfully in terms of interactional and intercultural communication competence.