In 1999 Thailand passed an ambitious national educational law that paved the way for major reforms in teaching, learning and school management. Despite the ambitious vision of reform embedded in this law, recent studies suggest that implementation progress has been slow, uneven, and lacking deep penetration onto classrooms. Carried out ten years…

Although Western research has identified principal leadership as a necessary condition for school improvement, little is known about how principals provide instructional leadership in developing countries. This problem was addressed by translating and administering the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) to 10 secondary…