The hypotheses to be tested by this study were (1) that Negro youth are more positively oriented toward participation in military service than white youth and (2) that lower class youth with high aspirations are more positively oriented toward military service than other youth. Respondents were male high school sophomores from 3 schools located in rural Texas counties that could be labeled the "traditional South." Questionnaires were given to 98 Negro boys and to 120 white boys. Two stages of data analysis were involved; the first was a comparison of lower class youth with high and low level aspiration, while the second was a comparison of lower class high aspiration youth with youth of higher socioeconomic status. Chi square and "t" tests were used when appropriate to evaluate the probability of observed differences being explained by chance variation. Findings showed that no difference existed between the Negro and white respondents in the proportion desiring military service and that level of aspiration did not seem to influence military orientations of youth. The appendices include the questionnaire and a summary of the statistical data. (LS)