SINCE THE 1954 SUPREME COURT DESEGREGATION CASE, SMALL COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHERN AND WESTERN PARTS OF TEXAS VOLUNTARILY DESEGREGATED THEIR SMALL NUMBERS OF NEGROES INTO WHITE SCHOOLS, PRINCIPALLY FOR FINANCIAL REASONS. THE LARGE CITIES BEGAN TO DESEGREGATE ALSO. DESPITE THE GOVERNOR'S INTENTION TO SLOW DOWN INTEGRATION, THERE WERE 60 DISTRICTS OPEN IN THE 1955-56 SCHOOL YEAR WITH BIRACIAL CLASSES. IN THE EASTERN PARTS OF THE STATE, WHERE THERE IS A LARGE NEGRO POPULATION, DESEGREGATION HAS BEEN MORE DIFFICULT. IN 1957, AN INCIDENT OF COMMUNITY VIOLENCE IN MANSFIELD, TEXAS, SLOWED THE DESEGREGATION EFFORTS THROUGHOUT THE STATE. NOT UNTIL 1962 COULD THE EFFORTS BE RESUMED AT A FASTER PACE. DESEGREGATION IN EAST TEXAS STILL MUST USUALLY BE FORCED BY LITIGATION. HOUSTON, THE LARGEST CITY IN ALL OF THE FORMER CONFEDERATE STATES, IS LOOKED TO FOR LEADERSHIP IN PUBLIC SCHOOL DESEGREGATION. HOUSTON BEGAN INTEGRATION WITH EASE IN 1960 BUT HAS MOVED SLOWLY SINCE THEN. THERE HAS BEEN A NOTICEABLE LACK OF NEGRO LEADERSHIP IN THE STRUGGLE FOR NONDISCRIMINATORY EDUCATION. THERE IS STILL MUCH SEGREGATION IN COMMUNITY HOUSING, THUS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF SEGREGATION IN THE SCHOOLS IS MAINTAINED.