It is important that preservice and in-service teachers use effective supports for English language learners (ELLs) in science classes to enhance learning. ELLs with limited English proficiency may need more supports to address language barriers that affect student learning. Literature circles can be used to enhance understanding of content when…

The Bilingual Education Act was passed in 1968 to address the challenges faced by emerging bilingual students in U.S. schools. Fifty years later, ideologies promoting bilingual education persist with a discourse of "one nation, one territory, one language nationalism." The bilingual and multiple language repertoires necessary for…

In the present study, alternatively certified 5th-grade teachers used textbooks and worksheets as primary teaching materials because of their limited access to trade books. The limited number of trade books that these teachers used were mostly scientifically accurate. However, a large proportion of the trade books integrated into the science…