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Barth, Amy E.; Stuebing, Karla K.; Fletcher, Jack M.; Cirino, Paul T.; Romain, Melissa; Francis, David; Vaughn, Sharon – Reading Psychology, 2012
We evaluated the reliability and validity of two oral reading fluency scores for 1-minute equated passages: median score and mean score. These scores were calculated from measures of reading fluency administered up to five times over the school year to students in grades six to eight (n = 1,317). Both scores were highly reliable with strong…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Test Validity, Test Reliability, Scores
Foorman, Barbara R.; York, Mary; Santi, Kristi L.; Francis, David – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2008
This study utilized early reading assessment data from a randomized trial of 210 urban and rural schools in Texas to examine contextual effects on risk prediction in first and second grade. The primary objective was to examine the roles of (a) individual differences, (b) the grade 1 classroom, and (c) the pairing of first and second grade teachers…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Reading Difficulties, Rural Schools, Mentors