Secondary education in Tanzania has a formal diversified curriculum in agricultural, commercial, technical, and domestic science that is reinforced outside of school hours by a set of powerful pressures on schools to engage in productive work. In many secondary schools there are two different, simultaneous traditions of diversification. The first…

This booklet discusses, in the context of low-income countries, a series of planning issues bridging education and communication. The planning issues include the democratization of educational opportunity, the quality of instruction and learning, the impact of education through technology on rural areas, and the participation of people in their…

The book examines the role of education in social and economic development. Seven chapters comprise the document. Chapter I examines the relation of education to socioeconomic development. Topics include rural-urban imbalance in education, relevance in curriculum, and ways in which the educational system legitimates equality or inequality. In…

Analyzes how Western educational models upset the balance between school and life achieved by precolonial Tanganyikan indigenous education. Examines Tanzanian policies, such as Education for Self-Reliance, intended to make elementary education relevant to rural needs by fostering self-employment. Includes statistics on enrollment, educational…

The geo-demographic, economic, and infrastructural makeup of 12 African countries (Botswana. Gambia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) were compared to determine the potential benefits to them of a Commonwealth of Learning (COL) distance education initiative. Data were collected on…

This document is the first in a series of three documents, which together contains 27 case studies on the uses of cost analysis in educational planning. The case studies have been presented to help planners and administrators see how cost analysis can be used to improve the efficiency of their educational systems, or how to get the best value from…

The manual is intended for training workshops on program and curriculum development for the post-literacy stages, since many countries successful in literacy work find that even greater challenges await them as erstwhile illiterates emerge from literacy classes as new literates. The emphasis is on programs and curricula to help new literates…

THIS REPORT ON THE SALIENT FEATURES AND CONCERNS OF CORRESPONDENCE INSTRUCTION IN ETHIOPIA, KENYA, TANZANIA, MALAWI, ZAMBIA, AND UGANDA--(1) DISCUSSES ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE CORRESPONDENCE METHOD IN AN AFRICAN CONTEXT, (2) SURVEYS CONDITIONS AND FACILITIES (POSTAL SERVICES, ROADS, INSTRUCTIONAL RADIO AND TELEVISION,…

The relationship between higher education and employment (particulary underemployment and unemployment) is discussed in terms of a synthesis of 21 case studies of developing and developed nations. The countries discussed are: Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Egypt, Federal Republic of Germany, Malaysia, Pakistan, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen,…

This study, essentially a personal description is the first to deal with one of the pilot projects in functional literacy, part of the UNESCO experimental adult literacy program. The project discussed is a work-oriented literacy undertaking in Tanzania. Following a brief survey of the background of the project, the present situation is described.…

LESS THAN A TENTH OF THE TANZANIAN LABOR FORCE IS IN PAID EMPLOYMENT, AND MOST ABLE-BODIED ADULTS ARE STILL ENGAGED IN LOW-YIELDING AGRICULTURE AND HERDING. MODERN PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT IS SCARCE EVEN FOR THOSE WITH AN EIGHT-YEAR PRIMARY EDUCATION. THE INVESTMENT IN FORMAL EDUCATION HAS OUTRUN INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION AIMED AT INCREASING…

Emphasis placed on adult education in Tanzania stems directly from the decision to bring about development through an egalitarian rural transformation. The political decision to stress socialist development with priority to those living in rural areas preceded the creation of the adult education network and shaped its structures and organization.…

The four issues of the journal, dated fall 1993 through summer 1994, contain articles on a variety of issues in literacy education. The first focuses on the role of literacy education in international economic development, and contains descriptions of a number of programs and strategies in both developing and industrialized nations. The second…

This report, written in popular education style and designed to be readable both by adult educators and by the people with whom they work, describes a week-long meeting of the World Assembly of Adult Education. Under the general themes "Where are we?""Where are we going?" and How to do it" the report provides synopses of…

This document contains seven papers from a study of the role of distance learning approaches in enhancing the contribution of nonformal education to socioeconomic development in Africa. "Introduction" (Richard Siaciwena) presents an overview of the research project and defines key terms related to nonformal education. "Ghana: The…