This study investigated the online reading performances and the level of visual fatigue from the perspectives of non-native speaking students (NNSs). Reading on a computer screen is more visually more demanding than reading printed text. Online reading requires frequent saccadic eye movements and imposes continuous focusing and alignment demand. It is both visually and physically fatiguing. Therefore, what are the problems with online reading for NNSs? Forty-six Taiwanese students participated in this study. An online reading comprehension test and an online reading speed test were prepared for them. After the tests, they were asked to fill out a visual fatigue assessment. The results showed that students received a mean score of 60.52 in the online reading comprehension test, and they read 85.22 words per minute on the Internet. They felt that font size played an important role when reading texts on the Internet. Being able to take notes and leave marks or underline text when reading documents on the computer screens were also important. The factors that affected students' online reading behaviors were eyestrain and headache.