Different recognitions become more mature and have been widely applied for EFL learning. Each recognition also has its specific features useful for EFL descriptive writing. The pictorial and verbal representations and current context found in image-to-text recognition (ITR), translated speech-to-text recognition (TSTR), and location-to-text…

Conceptual beliefs learners hold may influence learning strategies and outcomes of learning. Little research, however, has investigated English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' views of multimodality presented in the most accessible learning materials, their English textbooks. A total of sixteen 11th graders participated, half from the…

Task value has a considerable effect on one's interest, motivation, and strategies in learning. Additionally, the social contexts in which a learner studies, such as subject specialization and gender, may potentially influence how successfully one learns. The purpose of this quantitative study is to examine the relationship between task value and…

Previous studies on electronic textbooks were all survey studies of college students in the U.S.A. Their main findings revealed that using electronic textbooks and using print textbooks showed no statistical differences in learning achievements. As mobile devices became popular in classrooms, the present study was intended to confirm the…

The study aims to verify whether extensive reading (ER) is able to promote senior high school students' English reading motivation and foster positive attitude towards reading in English. It further explores the teachers' perceptions of and the challenges faced in the implementation of ER activities. An ER activity was held for 12 weeks with 258…