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Hsieh, Shu-Hui; Lee, Shen-Ming; Li, Chin-Shang – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Surveys of income are complicated by the sensitive nature of the topic. The problem researchers face is how to encourage participants to respond and to provide truthful responses in surveys. To correct biases induced by nonresponse or underreporting, we propose a two-stage multilevel randomized response (MRR) technique to investigate the true…
Descriptors: Income, Surveys, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Response Style (Tests)