Introduction: Across the world, mathematical expressions are represented very differently in braille. The aim of this study was (1) to gain an overall insight in mathematical braille notations and (2) to investigate how mathematical braille notations support braille readers in reading and comprehending mathematical expressions. Method: Twenty…

This article presents the result from a study comparing the perception and understanding of a game story between sighted and visually impaired players playing the same game. In particular, whether sighted and visually impaired players could experience and recount the same story construed from the plot elements that are either manifested by audio…

The academic terms and the periods of the courses related to the language development and communication differs considerably in the programs of the countries which train teachers for the special education department. The aim of this study is to examine the contents and credits of the communication and the language development courses in Teacher…

The present work attracted our attention motivated by the need of seeking ways of helping people learning EFL, with certain "disabilities" than undertaking a research project by itself. The needs for implementing those special program in our country is out of the question, since to the extent that our society and country has been…

To increase understanding of the breadth and depth of services that are currently being provided by the various low vision clinics in Scandinavia, the authors sent questionnaires to the 69 clinics asking for information on the total number of staff members employed in full-time positions and the number of staff members by profession (optometrists;…

The article describes a program in Sweden in which visually handicapped students are integrated at a residential school's center of assessment, counseling, and training. (Author/CL)

The article describes the team work approach used in Sweden to provide services to the four main categories of visual impairment: central scotoma, nystagmus, loss of peripheral vision while retaining central vision, and amblyopia. (Author/PHR)

A study explored how four Swedish adolescents with low vision and two sighted adolescents spent their leisure time and whether their activities were bound to places or people. Adolescents with low vision performed fewer activities, did not regularly spend much time with friends, and were dependent on parents for transportation. (Contains…

The document reports on a 10-day tour to study rehabilitation facilities for the visually handicapped in the Soviet Union. Briefly described are the programs of the following institutions that were visited: Helmholtz Institute of Opthalmology, Specialized School Number 5 for Partially Sighted Children, Scientific Research Institute of Defectology,…

Reported are results of a project carried out at the Swedish Institute for the Handicapped to determine needs of the visually impaired in the planning and adaptation of buildings and other forms of physical environment. Chapter 1 considers implications of impaired vision and includes definitions, statistics, and problems of the visually impaired…

The employment conditions of Swedish adults, aged 25-45, with recent onset of visual impairments were examined. A qualitative study identified phases in the rehabilitative process of adapting to work environments. Interviews with 261 persons found that the majority returned to work after onset but in many cases were underemployed. (Author/JDD)

A study of the reading performance of 82 Swedish children (age 9) with visual impairment, and controls, revealed that the two groups were in a more equivalent environment in school than at home. Children with visual impairments had less exposure to the incidental reading that leads to reading development. (CR)

Four children with cerebral visual impairment caused by periventricular leukomalacia were followed for two years during their process of learning to read in mainstream classes. Two of the children were offered both Braille and print reading as reading media. The other two children read ordinary print without special teaching. Differences in…

The report examines issues involved in mainstreaming handicapped students in Sweden. M. Soder analyzes concepts, research, and research needs in the first paper on mentaly retarded students. He suggests that the major problem is lack of cooperation among teachers. In the second paper, K. Norden and T. Ang review the concepts of integration and…

A study of the reading competence of 25 visually impaired pupils in Sweden followed subjects from 1988 to 1991. Neither visual acuity, reading media, optical aids, nor reading distance were clearly related to reading competence. Rather, good readers were students who scored higher on verbal cognitive tests and had a greater interest in reading as…