This text describes a Swedish research program (GUME Project--the Swedish equivalent of the Gothenburg/Teaching/Methods/English Project) carried out during 1968-71 within the field of second-language instruction and learning. A number of comparative experiments were performed in order to assess the relative merits of two different approaches to teaching grammatical structures in English as a foreign language. The audiolingual habit theory and the cognitive code-learning theory are the principal methods examined in the study. Chapters include a detailed analysis of the GUME Project, experimental procedures and data, statistical analysis, characteristics of 10 experiments, evaluation instruments, and results. A list of tables, several appendixes, and a list of reference materials are included. (RL)