The past three decades have witnessed a sharp reduction in the rate of growth of public research funding, and sometimes an actual decline in its level. In many countries, this decline has been accompanied by substantial changes in the ways that such funding has been allocated and monitored. In addition, the institutions governing how research is…

Part of a research project for the investigation and development of techniques for the analysis of curriculum materials, this document explores possible roles and goals for curriculum analysis in Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, and the United States. The methodology of the project includes four main types of activity: (1) reading, consultation,…

A Swedish Research on Higher Education project to investigate relationships between knowledge and educational certification is described. The first study involves several cohorts of engineering students from technological universities in Paris, Stockholm, Zurich, and Berlin for the period 1880-1960. Attention is directed to students' educational…

This report describes presentations and discussions at a seminar to bring together research initiatives in the area of functional literacy and to explore appropriate ways of developing policy-driven research in all countries. Opening remarks by representatives of the European Community, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,…

This report reviews the research and development (R&D) structures and practices for vocational education, training, and employment in the United States, Germany, France, Sweden, and England. The organization and management of each country's R&D system as well as R&D agendas and priorities are analyzed. General observations and…