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Lovisa Sumpter; Anna Löwenhielm – Mathematical Thinking and Learning: An International Journal, 2024
This paper studies grade 7 (age 13) students' expressed understanding about the equal sign/notion of equivalence in order to investigate what aspects of the concept that could be seen as an established knowledge at lower secondary school/middle school. Using items from different instruments and combining these to a new one that covered a broad…
Descriptors: Symbols (Mathematics), Mathematical Concepts, Middle School Students, Knowledge Level
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Elin Ericsson; Johan Lundin; Sylvana Sofkova Hashemi – Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2024
Speaking with an artificial counterpart in simulated environments has been shown beneficial for foreign language learning. Still, few studies have explored how it is experienced by younger students. We report on a study of Swedish students (N = 22) speaking English with embodied conversational agents (ECAs) in everyday-life scenarios. Data were…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Teacher Attitudes, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)