Self-efficacy, motivation, and learning strategies are crucial in second/foreign language (L2) acquisition and general learning. However, we are not sure yet the unique or combined contributions of self-efficacy to learning strategies by way of instrumental and integrative motivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of…

The research was conducted to determine how the leadership behavior of English teachers affects students' performance in the language and to examine how the motivation of students toward English language learning influences the relationship between the leadership behavior of teachers and the performance of their students in the language. The…

Students' mathematics and science motivational beliefs are crucial determinants of their school academic achievement in math and science. The current study aimed to identify the group memberships of students' motivational beliefs in math and science, which are closely related. Furthermore, this study probed the predictive effects of individual…

Chinese students accounted for 40.4% of international students in South Korea in 2022. Universities in China require doctoral degrees to teach art. Creative arts therapy (CAT) has increasingly gained attention. In this study, we investigated the experiences of six Chinese students in a study abroad program for creative arts therapy in South Korea.…

This research investigated the effects of generative AI on affective factors (motivation, interest, and confidence) of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners enrolled in Korean university-level general English courses. During the Spring 2024 semester, this study involved 89 participants exposed to a generative AI-based instruction model.…

This study investigated the protective and risk factors of smartphone addiction at the individual and group levels using multi-level modelling, with a particular focus on extracurricular activities and academic helplessness. Data from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) were used in the analyses. These data included 2,590…

The mass migration to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased students' burden of self-regulating their learning. Amid this change, students with low self-efficacy may struggle due to their tendency to exhibit poor self-regulated learning and course outcomes. This study investigated the potential buffering role of students'…

Multicultural teenagers in South Korea often suffer from psychological difficulties, such as social withdrawal and depression, due to communication difficulties, discrimination, and economic constraints. These emotional problems negatively affect career decision-making. However, little is known about the basic mechanism through which multicultural…

Sensemaking has been advocated as a core practice of science education to support students in constructing their own understanding through a prolonged trajectory. However, the field lacks a discussion of teaching strategies that can better support students as they develop in the trajectory of sensemaking, which includes four phases: initial…

Formative assessment has been long emphasised as a powerful means for enhancing science learning. However, there is still a lack of research to investigate the impacts of formative assessment on both students' motivational beliefs and behaviours in science learning. This study examined such impacts using data from six Western and six East Asian…

With the development of information technologies, many learners opt to stay home receiving various forms of online education such as massive open online courses (MOOC). However, many learners and instructors complain that MOOC-based learning effectiveness has been dampened by many factors. Through a meta-analysis using Stata/MP 14.0, this study…

Normative grading compounded with socio-educational conditions in East Asian countries amplifies the effect competition beliefs have on learning outcomes. Competition beliefs may be especially influential in videoconference courses since some students feel reluctant to interrupt the instructor, avoid talking over others, or dominate the class…

This study aimed to examine the impact of different motivational strategies on learning outcomes and explore the interaction effects between these strategies and graduate students' motivational orientations. As a result of the study, the use of external rewards had a positive effect on learning outcomes for learners with extrinsic motivation, but…

The study investigated the relationships between individual and sociocultural factors and students' creativity based on a sociocultural perspective. The participants are 7,324 fifth graders from 242 schools obtained from the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study 2013. Through multilevel modeling, student gender, self-regulation behaviors, academic…

This study aims to enhance second language (L2) learners' motivation and facilitate successful L2 learning by using motivational languaging, an intervention that encourages learners to reflect on, and externalize, their L2-speaking, competent future self-concepts by writing or speaking about them. Two types of effective languaging activities were…