THIS REPORT ON THE RACIAL CONFLICT IN ORANGEBURG, SOUTH CAROLINA, ATTEMPTS TO PRESENT A "CAREFUL AND IMPARTIAL" ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION, BASED ON INTERVIEWS WITH STUDENTS AND FACULTY, NEWSMEN, TOWNSPEOPLE, AND OFFICIALS. THE VIOLENCE IN THIS SMALL NEGRO COLLEGE TOWN BROKE OUT OVERTLY OVER THE ISSUE OF A SEGREGATED BOWLING ALLEY BUT IN FACT, WAS DEEPLY ROOTED IN ALL THE FACETS OF SOUTHERN RACIAL DISCRIMINATION. THE REPORT PRESENTS A CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS BEGINNING WITH THE EFFORTS OF A GROUP OF NEGRO STUDENTS TO VISIT THE BOWLING ALLEY AND THE RESPONSE BY LOCAL AND STATE POLICE, AND CONTINUES WITH A DAY-BY-DAY DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILD-UP OF TENSION UNTIL THE CULMINATING TRAGEDY OF THE DEATH OF THREE STUDENTS. THE INVOLVEMENT OF CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS, STATE BODIES, THE U.S. JUSTICE DEPARTMENT, AND THE STATE ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE U.S. COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS ARE DESCRIBED. ALSO DISCUSSED ARE THE MAJOR ISSUES AT THE CORE OF THE EVENTS--THE EDUCATIONAL QUALITY OF STATE-SUPPORTED NEGRO COLLEGES, THE PAST AND PRESENT STATUS OF RACE RELATIONS IN THE TOWN, AND THE EXTENT AND MEANING OF THE INFLUENCE OF BLACK POWER. THE BROADER NATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF POLICE ACTION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, BLACK POWER, AND STUDENT REVOLT ARE OUTLINED IN RELATION TO THE PROTOTYPAL SITUATION IN ORANGEBURG. THIS DOCUMENT IS ALSO AVAILABLE FOR 30 CENTS FROM THE SOUTHERN REGIONAL COUNCIL, 5 FORSYTH STREET, N.W., ATLANTA 3, GEORGIA. (NH)