Nowadays, the knowledge society demands to be prepared in the use of technology, educational institutions cannot remain on the side-lines of this trend and are adapting their curricula to cope with these demands. The present study explored the results of recent research on the effectiveness of the use of e-learning in higher education, to provide a clear synthesis on the state of research, gaps, and trends in the use of e-learning in the teaching-learning process at the university stage. For this purpose, a systematic literature review (SLR) method is used. Out of 238 initial articles, 19 were selected for study (published between 2012 and 2022). Among the results obtained, we highlight that does-learning does not necessarily lead to better learning results but requires the involvement of the entire educational community to obtain a positive effect. Thus, the success of this educational model depends on how it is implemented by teachers.