This article presents a study on the occupational well-being of Russian teachers that is based on data from "Monitoring of Education Markets and Organizations 2015-2016," an educational monitoring system representative of teachers in Russia (for a total of 2,014 teachers) (Memo Project, n.d.). The main research aims are to describe the factors associated with teacher occupational well-being in the Russian Federation. We examine the psychometric characteristics of the developed scale to evaluate teachers' occupational well-being. We use the resulting level of occupational well-being as a dependent variable in a multilevel linear regression to analyse the relationship between teachers' contextual and personal characteristics and their occupational well-being. The results show a range of external and internal factors related to occupational well-being. The main internal factors are work experience, professional attitude and professional development. The external factors are considered at 3 different levels, the classroom, the school environment, and society, the main factors being the social composition of the school and society's attitude towards teachers.