Russian education faces a difficult task in defining what its education system needs to be achieving to maximize its effectiveness in a changing society. Both educational officials and the general public need to be more aware of this challenge and how to deal with it. [This article was translated by Kim Braithwaite.]

In presenting the basic data of the article the authors note that the topic itself, the sociology of the school grade, is determined by the overall context of timely and relevant issues that have to do with rating the success of the educational process. In the past few years the array of problems relating to educational evaluation has been studied…

From the eighteenth through the early twentieth centuries, home education (home schooling) by tutors and governesses in Russia was a customary form of schooling for an overwhelming majority of members of the nobility. Social and political transformations of the twentieth century led to substantial changes as the state got actively involved with…

Changes in the kinds of technology used in modern society are changing the ways in which people think. Russian students, like those elsewhere, are increasingly thinking in terms of short, unconnected forms of knowledge and are losing the ability to see connections, to think holistically. This presents a special challenge to education in Russia.

The "Reform of the System of Education" Project got started in 2002 in Samara Oblast and the Republic of Chuvashia. Recently the Iurii Levada Analysis Center, at the request of the National Foundation for Cadre Training, prepared a study of the social consequences of the restructuring of general education institutions in these regions.…

World experience has shown that education alone is able to shape people's desire to organize jointly a more effective life without external coercion. States that are sufficiently aware of the "priority of education" channel the necessary financial resources into that sphere. The developed countries realize up to 40 percent of their gross…

Presents the findings of a study that was designed to determine approaches to the content of correctional-upbringing work with limited-ability children of preschool age. Considers aspects of correctional-upbringing work with preschool age children who have abnormalities in mental development. (CMK)

Provides information on night school, also called shift school. States that night school accommodates the rehabilitation of young people. Questions whether it has the capabilities that would make it a rehabilitative educational institution. Examines the activities of night school to determine its principal mission. (CMK)

Presents information gained while working with English language teachers in Russia in the fall of 1999. Describes the school system within Russia as well as information on the structure of schools in Russia. Explores characteristics of Russian schools and the challenges to Russian education. (CMK)