Discusses the education of the Jews in 19th-century century Russia during the reign of Nicholas I. There was rapid growth of state-controlled Jewish secular education from almost none in 1844 to 106 schools with 3487 students in 1855. (RM)

Discusses the evaluation of Russian educational concepts through six historical periods; stresses the significance of social, philosophical, political, and psychological factors that have affected Soviet educational policies used to instill Communist values. (JD)

Describes the role of textbooks in the development of student political attitudes and activities in Siberian elementary and secondary education between 1917-1931. Textbooks were used to reinforce communist values, to increase knowledge about industrial development and collective agricultural methods, and to orient students toward socially useful…

Describes the development of rural Siberian polytechnical education during the 1920s. To fulfill the demands of economic development and the need for relevant education, polytechnical education centers were set up to train students in hunting and fishing, agriculture, skilled trades, and meteorology, as well as teaching, social work, and…

Describes the development of Communist youth groups, the Young Pioneers, in Siberia during the 1920s and 1930s. The youth organizations became increasingly associated with the schools in promoting socially useful work. The press reinforced their popularity and stimulated student militancy. (AM)

Describes modifications in Siberian technical education (1952-56) to cope with technological and scientific advancements. Elementary and secondary schools implemented a Soviet policy mandating a rapid increase in scientific and technical education despite severe shortages in facilities and instructional materials. Often, students learned…

Describes developments in Siberian labor and technical education from 1956 through the mid-1960s. Schools implemented new policies by emphasizing technical education and agricultural productivity. Elementary and secondary students received practical experiences in workshops and training farms. Insufficient theoretical training and scarce…

Historical, philosophical, and social perspectives concerning the development of Soviet society are presented. The concepts of orthodoxy, autocracy, and nationalism that were integral to Russian life for nearly one thousand years of history are discussed, and principles of socialism and communism that were inaugurated in November 1917 in…

Discusses the 60-year history of Soviet pedagogical science which was born of the 1917 October revolution. Strong aspects have been the relevance of education and the improvement of labor and polytechnical training. Soviet pedagogy has been subdivided into various fields and its research sphere has been expanded. (AM)

Describes two model four-year primary schools established in Siberia in the 1920s to help train teachers in new teaching methods. Demonstrations and field trips were utilized and clubs were organized. To make education relevant, newspapers were used. (AM)

Describes the public education system implemented in Siberia and Eastern Kazakhstan from 1917 to 1931. Discussed are curricula, teaching methods, and extracurricular work. All students were required to make practical applications of the knowledge acquired at school. (AM)

Describes the complete reorientation of Siberia's educational system toward military preparedness during World War II. At all levels, every educational activity contributed to the defense effort, including practical military training, technical education and production, and patriotic cultural activities. (AM)

Describes the Siberian labor and technical educational system as it changed to meet national needs through World War II up to 1956. According to Soviet policy, the schools' main goals were to train students at all levels in practical and socially useful skills and to increase agricultural production. (AM)

Describes a trip to Russia by a delegation of educators from the United States to learn about educational reform, examining the 10 principles currently guiding reform efforts in Russia. Participants learned that education there has already changed from the version that existed under the U.S.S.R. governmental structure. (SM)

Maintains that during the first 15 years of Soviet rule, the Communist Party's school policy went through at least 5 transformations. Describes these changes in light of Stalin's New Economic Policy. Speculates that the Russian school system will return to its slow progress toward "Americanization." (ACM)