This document contains volume 4 of the "American Journal of Education" "National Series." This compilation of issues 9-12 of volume 4 provides details on the state of public instruction in over 20 countries and areas in 1870. Among the areas covered are: Turkey, Switzerland, Italy, France, Prussia, Belgium, Denmark, Russia,…

Written by the director of the Laboratory for the History of Education under the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences in Moscow, this article documents the status of historical research on schooling in medieval Russia. (JDH)

Chayanov's ideas on rural development (farmer participation in agricultural evolution, increasing the scope and differentiation of extension activities, and using methods adapted to farmers' characteristics) could be usefully applied today in reforming Russian agriculture. (SK)

Discusses the evaluation of Russian educational concepts through six historical periods; stresses the significance of social, philosophical, political, and psychological factors that have affected Soviet educational policies used to instill Communist values. (JD)

Begins with a brief summary of contemporary thought about, and developments in, coeducation and the overlapping topic of girls' schooling in 19th-century Russia. Makes references to, and comparisons with, contemporary debates in England and the United States. Concludes by discussing developments in coeducation in the Stalinist period. (DSK)

Tsar Alexander I of Russia created a ministry of public education and promulgated laws to provide elementary and secondary schools and higher education institutions for all classes of the population. The public took a great interest in education and actively participated in the funding of schools at every level. (RM)

The expansion of schooling in the Russian countryside after 1864 brought basic education within the reach of the majority of peasants in the European heartland by the time of World War I. It is argued that this expansion was initiated by the purposeful self-activity of the anonymous peasant millions. (RM)

Provides a broadened historical perspective on literacy instruction in Russia by focusing on the development of the Russian "bukvar," the first text typically placed in the hands of Russian children as they begin schooling. Discusses origins of the bukvar; religious, social, and cultural influences; pedagogical and scientific influences;…

Historical, philosophical, and social perspectives concerning the development of Soviet society are presented. The concepts of orthodoxy, autocracy, and nationalism that were integral to Russian life for nearly one thousand years of history are discussed, and principles of socialism and communism that were inaugurated in November 1917 in…

Volume II of the Biennial Survey of Education, 1916-1918 includes the following chapters: (1) Education in Great Britain and Ireland (I. L. Kandel); (2) Education in parts of the British Empire: Educational Developments in the Dominion of Canada (Walter A. Montgomery), Public School System of Jamaica (Charles A. Asbury), Recent Progress of…

Explores educational reform at the turn of the century, documenting the influence of European educational thought and practice on the work of John Dewey and the influence of Dewey's ideas on education in Turkey, Russia, and the Netherlands. A context-specific approach to discussions of Progressivism is required. (SLD)

Volume 1 begins with an introduction by the Commissioner of Education, followed by statistics of state school systems. Other chapters include: (1) general laws relating to agricultural and mechanical land-grant colleges; (2) Benjamin Franklin's influence on American education, written by Francis Newton Thorpe; (3) the college-bred negro; (4)…

A sociointellectual profile is presented of the academic intelligentsia in tsarist Russia, including statistics that demonstrate the uniqueness of the educational structure and provide a basis for comparison with other national systems. The evolution of Russian educational institutions is shown to offer insight into the ways in which institutions…

Discusses the history of Russian literacy from Kievan Rus, through the Muscovite period, the Imperial period, and the postrevolutionary Soviet Union. Presents tables of literacy levels for various periods. Discusses evidence, theories, and problems with historians' assumptions. Concludes that, until recently, little impetus existed for the bulk of…

This is Volume 1 of the Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1893-94, containing Part I. This volume includes the Commissioner of Education's Introduction and Part I, which contains the chapters: (1) Whole Number of Pupils and Students; (2) Consolidated Statistics of State and City Common School Systems; (3) Statistical Review of…