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Evans, David K.; Yuan, Fei – World Bank, 2019
In the past decade, hundreds of impact evaluation studies have measured the learning outcomes of education interventions in developing countries. The impact magnitudes are often reported in terms of "standard deviations," making them difficult to communicate to policy makers beyond education specialists. This paper proposes two…
Descriptors: Educational Indicators, Developing Nations, Foreign Countries, Intervention
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Nugroho, Dita; Jeon, Youngkwang; Kamei, Akito; Lopez Boo, Florencia – UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, 2021
This paper presents a new estimate that pre-primary school closures in 2020 may cost today's young children US$ 1.6 trillion in lost earnings over their lifetimes. However, most low-and-middle income countries are leaving pre-primary education out of their responses to COVID-19. This paper also draws lessons from accelerated, bridging, and…
Descriptors: Preschools, School Closing, COVID-19, Pandemics