The purpose of this state report card is to provide the general public and policymakers with information they can use to assess and improve postsecondary education in each state. "Measuring Up 2006" is the fourth in a series of biennial report cards. The report card grades states in six overall performance categories: (1) Preparation: How adequately does the state prepare students for education and training beyond high school?; (2) Participation: Do state residents have sufficient opportunities to enroll in education and training beyond high school?; (3) Affordability: How affordable is higher education for students and their families?; (4) Completion: Do students make progress toward and complete their certificates or degrees in a timely manner?; (5) Benefits: What benefits does the state receive from having a highly educated population?; and (6) Learning: What is known about student learning as a result of education and training beyond high school? Findings for Pennsylvania include: (1) Pennsylvania has shown progress in preparing students to succeed in college. This year Pennsylvania receives a B in preparation; (2) Pennsylvania has shown consistently good performance in enrolling students in higher education. Pennsylvania receives a B in participation this year; (3) Pennsylvania has made no notable progress in making higher education affordable. This year Pennsylvania receives an F in affordability; (4) Despite a decline in performance, Pennsylvania continues to perform very well in the proportion of students earning a certificate or degree in a timely manner. Pennsylvania receives an A in completion this year; (5) Pennsylvania has made substantial gains in the benefits the state receives from having a more highly educated population. This year Pennsylvania earns an A- in benefits; and (6) Like most states, Pennsylvania receives an "Incomplete" in Learning because insufficient data would not allow meaningful state-by-state comparisons. However, data are available this year to examine the readiness of college graduates--from two- and four-year institutions--for advanced practice. This report also includes international comparisons, additional information, questions and answers, and state grades. (Contains 3 figures.) [For "Measuring Up, 2006. The National Report Card on Higher Education," see ED493360.]