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Direct linkGottfried, Michael A. – Elementary School Journal, 2012
This study contributes a novel perspective on grade retention by empirically examining how classroom composition relates to the standardized-testing performance of grade-retained students in their post-retained years. This evaluation employed a sample of entire cohorts of urban elementary school children in the Philadelphia School District over 6…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, School Holding Power, Evidence, Testing
Slaughter-Defoe, Diana T., Ed. – Peter Lang New York, 2012
Urban education is an interdisciplinary field, characterized by introducing many perspectives to research pertaining to educational policy and to the practice of educating youth whose lives unfold in densely populated urban metropolitan areas. This book celebrates Constance Clayton's eleven-year tenure as superintendent of the School District of…
Descriptors: Instructional Leadership, Urban Education, Race, School Desegregation
