This study describes the process of defining a hypothetical learning progression (LP) for astronomy around the big idea of "Solar System formation." At the most sophisticated level, students can explain how the formation process led to the current Solar System by considering how the planets formed from the collapse of a rotating cloud of…

Assessment of students' self-regulated learning (SRL) requires a method for evaluating whether observed actions are appropriate acts of self-regulation in theEv specific learning context in which they occur. We review research that has resulted in an automated method for context-sensitive assessment of a specific SRL strategy, help seeking while…

TECHNIQUES OF PROGRAMING WHICH ALLOW FOR A MORE SYSTEMATIC METHOD OF RELATING THE DIFFICULTY OF A FRAME TO THE ABILITY OF THE LEARNER WERE DEVELOPED AND EVALUATED IN FOUR SEPARATE STUDIES. EXPERIMENT ONE TESTED THE HYPOTHESIS THAT ACHIEVEMENT IS A FUNCTION OF THE INTERACTION OF THE ABILITY OF THE LEARNER AND THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION CONTAINED IN…