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Pazdera, Jesse K.; Kahana, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
The modality effect refers to the robust finding that memory performance differs for items presented aurally, as compared with visually. Whereas auditory presentation leads to stronger recency performance in immediate recall, visual presentation often produces better primacy performance (the inverse modality effect). To investigate and model these…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Aural Learning, Visual Learning