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Linking Learning and Service: Lessons from Service Learning Programs in Pennsylvania.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Fertman, Carl I. – ERS Spectrum, 1996
Reviews the progress of 62 state-funded service-learning programs in Pennsylvania schools during 1992-95. Each site completed an extensive annual program profile, tracked student service and hours, and was visited by an evaluation team member who observed actual implementation. Success depends on organizational commitment, service-learning…
Descriptors: Cooperation, Curriculum, Educational Benefits, Elementary Secondary Education
The Difficulty of the Educational Task: Implications for Comparing Student Achievement in States, School Districts, and Schools.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cooley, William W. – ERS Spectrum, 1993
Uses Pennsylvania census-derived variables to show that state, district, and school comparisons of National Assessment of Educational Progress scores often reveal little about program effectiveness. Differences in test results are attributable to differences in difficulty of educational task, which is related to populations served by different…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Comparative Education, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education
The Power of the Superintendent's Leadership in Shaping School District Culture: Three Case Studies.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
McAdams, Richard P.; Zinck, Richard A. – ERS Spectrum, 1998
Explores the relationship between superintendent leadership and school districts' organizational culture, based on case studies of three successful Pennsylvania districts. Identifies leadership characteristics shared by these superintendents: espousing child- centered values; modeling district beliefs and values; and attending to educational…
Descriptors: Administrator Characteristics, Case Studies, Elementary Secondary Education, Leadership Styles
Classroom Teachers' Perceptions of the Implementation and Effects of Full Inclusion.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Sardo-Brown, Deborah; Hinson, Stephanie – ERS Spectrum, 1995
Describes a survey of 51 graduate students/full-time teachers at schools implementing full inclusion programs. Participants expressed their views concerning implementation methods, effects on instructional practices, community reactions, and advantages and disadvantages. Schools need to do a better job of explaining the rationale for full…
Descriptors: Community Support, Elementary Secondary Education, Inservice Education, Program Implementation