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Direct linkSiler, Stephanie Ann; Klahr, David – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
One obstacle to understanding abstract concepts such as the "control of variables" strategy (CVS) is the tendency for learners to focus on surface rather than deep features in instructional materials. However, in tasks such as learning CVS, these same surface features may also support understanding, provided learners realize the…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Learning, Science Experiments, Research Design
Rau, Martina A.; Aleven, Vincent; Rummel, Nikol – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2015
Research shows that multiple external representations can significantly enhance students' learning. Most of this research has focused on learning with text and 1 additional graphical representation. However, real instructional materials often employ multiple "graphical" representations (MGRs) in addition to text. An important open…
Descriptors: Graphs, Instructional Materials, Instructional Effectiveness, Educational Experiments
Ramsay, Crystal M.; Sperling, Rayne A. – Journal of Educational Research, 2015
In 2 experiments the authors investigated whether assigning a perspective to middle school students prior to reading a long informational text would improve their reading comprehension. Pretest-posttest control group designs were employed in both experiments, in Experiment 1 (n = 146 fifth- and sixth-grade students) and in Experiment 2 (n = 83…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Pretests Posttests, Control Groups, Experimental Groups
