Over the past two decades, an increasing number of American children are left in self-care after school each day. Parents of these latchkey children often turn to the library as a safe place for their children to go. The purpose of this study was to determine whether public libraries have responded since 1990 to the call put forward by concerned researchers and the American Library Association for written latchkey policies, after-school programming and cooperative efforts with the community agencies to implement solutions to the problems of latchkey youth. Additionally, the type and extent of problems experienced by children's librarians with respect to latchkey/unattended children were examined. The study used survey methodology with a random sample of 118 public libraries in Ohio; 52 libraries returned the questionnaires for a response rate of 44.1%. The data were analyzed for frequencies and percentages. Results of the study show that while a majority of libraries have latchkey/unattended children present in the library, less than one-half have written policies; only limited training is provided to staff; and few programs are offered during after-school hours. Ohio libraries report having approximately the same number of latchkey children and the same number of after-school programs today as they had in 1990. Very few programs are co-sponsored by agencies outside the library. Disruptive behavior was the only problem identified as occurring frequently by a majority of responses. The cover letter and questionnaire are appended. (Contains 32 references.) (Author)